2026 수능특강 영어 29강 변형문제

Around the turn of the twentieth century, anthropologists trained in the natural sciences began to reimagine what a ____ of humanity should look like and how social scientists ought to go about studying cultural groups.

Some of ____ anthropologists insisted that one should at least spend significant time actually observing and talking to the people studied.

Early ethnographers such as Franz Boas and Alfred Cort Haddon typically traveled to the remote locations where the people in question lived and spent a few ____ to a few months there.

They sought out a local Western host ____ was familiar with the people and the area (such as a colonial official, missionary, or businessman) and found accommodations through them.

Although they did at times venture into the community ____ a guide, they generally did not spend significant time with the local people.

Thus, their observations were primarily conducted ____ their verandas.

Every society maintains inequalities that ____ some groups and hurt others.

In Taiwan, people from mainland China who fled the Communists in ____ still dominate native Taiwanese.

Gaps in income and opportunity between men and women and between Whites and people of color persist in the ____ States.

As stereotypes reflecting these differences ____ developed, they have justified and rationalized the underlying inequalities.

For example, historically, women and people of color have often been viewed in ways that justified their treatment as childlike, unintelligent, and weak, and ____ in need of direction and guidance.

And in fact, people who believe inequality is natural and right — views that are more often found among members of dominant groups, such as ____ and males — are particularly likely to be prejudiced against others.

Moreover, high-status groups are stereotyped as more competent than are ____ groups, providing apparent justification for the status differences.

Thus, as these examples illustrate, inequalities can produce different opportunities for different groups in a society, and then perceivers ____ stereotypes of those groups that will help perpetuate and maintain those same inequalities.

Nothing quite captures our distaste for the unfamiliar like the frequent public ____ over minute changes to the look and feel of products.

Take the story of an American fruit-based beverage company’s ____ logo change.

In 2009, a legendary ad agency was hired to redesign the company’s logo and ____.

The aim was to give the ____ a more modern look. Gone was the iconic image of the straw-punctured orange.

The recognizable color ____ was changed, too. The product itself wasn’t any different.

It was still the same ____ juice with the same product name.

The box just looked a ____ different. But people didn’t like it.

Within two weeks of the rebrand, the company had lost 20 ____ of its earnings.

Less than 30 days after launch, it pulled the new design off the shelves and ____ back to the original label.

Not ____ afterward, the three-decade-old ad agency shut down.

This is not the only case. ____ Facebook.

Every time Facebook changes its layout, there’s an outcry from users who demand a return to “the ____ it used to be.”

Information sometimes spreads epidemically. Like a virus that spreads by infection, ____ spreads through word of mouth.

The mechanism of viral information spread is simple and can be compared with the tradition of fairy tales or legends, which spread all ____ the world only through word of mouth, being retold countless times and passed on.

Transferred to a broader basis, this means that if only 10 ____ are addressed in the first generation, 10,000 people can be reached by the fourth generation.

This huge potential has attracted the interest of ____ researchers: if viral news spread could be systematically implemented as a marketing vehicle, this would have a major advantage.

In comparison with traditional marketing campaigns whose effect gets diluted over time, the effect of viral ____ spread is self-reinforced with an increasing degree of distribution, resulting in a sustainable anchoring of information.