2026 수능특강 영어 19강 변형

Imagine grabbing a piece ____ paper between your thumb and index finger.

____ you already are, as you turn this page.

We use this type of forceful, pad-to-pad precision gripping without thinking about it, and literally in ____ snap.

Yet it was a breakthrough in human ____

Other primates exhibit some kinds of precision grips in the handling and use of objects, but not with ____ kind of efficient opposition that our hand anatomy allows.

In a ____ hand, humans can easily hold and manipulate objects, even small and delicate ones, while adjusting our fingers to their shape and reorienting them with displacements of our fingertip pads.

Our relatively long, powerful thumb and other anatomical attributes, including our flat nails (which nearly all primates possess), make this ____

Just picture trying — and failing — to ____ this page with pointy, curved claws.

With a unique combination of traits, the human hand ____ our history.

No question, stone tools couldn’t have become a keystone of human technology and subsistence without hands that could do ____ job, along with a nervous system that could regulate and coordinate the necessary signals.

Anybody who’s ever attempted to make a spear tip or arrowhead from a rock ____ that it requires strong grips, constant rotation and repositioning, and forceful, careful strikes with another hard object.

And even with a ____ amount of know-how, it can be a bloody business.

____ students have trouble spelling, we commonly describe them as having a “poor visual memory,” as if good spelling were primarily a function of a photographic image maker in the mind.

After all, we use our eyes to look at print: ____ spelling have something to do with looking longer and harder at a word or striving to remember the word through visual imaging?

Linguists who have studied spelling, however, have demonstrated that one’s memory for printed words has much to do with linguistic knowledge and the visual attention and memory ____ of good and poor spellers do not explain the differences in their skills.

If spelling were a rote visual memory skill, how could the students in the Scripps National Spelling Bee succeed in spelling words ____ have never seen before?

Good spelling is the result of knowledge of language structure, word origin, and word meaning and the memory involved in spelling is ____ for linguistic information.

This reality implies that asking students to close their eyes and imagine the letter strings in words or asking students to write words in lists many times over may have some value, but these ____ strategies will be more productive if they are coupled with learning how the words are structured and why they might be spelled the way they are.

Students who are from diverse backgrounds typically identify and ____ with faculty who are also from diverse backgrounds.

However, the number of faculty from diverse backgrounds is falling behind when compared to the ____ in diverse students.

Forbes, a leading business and financial magazine, cited a study from the Hispanic Journal of Law and Policy ____ the minimum growth in the number of college faculty members of color in institutions qualified to offer doctoral degrees.

Between 2013 and 2017, “the number of Hispanic and Latino faculty members grew by less than 1% and the number of ____ faculty members grew by only one-tenth of a percent.”

While there have been some steps to increase hiring of diverse faculty, the academic pipeline ____ new faculty of color remains constrained, and recruitment practices which favor the status quo often create barriers to achieving a diverse and well-represented faculty.

As a result, students especially in an online platform feel underrepresented, unwelcomed, and alienated because most, if not all, ____ their instructors have cultural backgrounds and values that are very different from what they are accustomed to.

Several colleges now provide training in recognizing and addressing bias for ____ faculty and staff members.

However, these, at best, can be ____ as tokenism. According to Webster, “‘tokenism’ is the practice of doing something only to prevent criticism by others.”

To join the bandwagon, some educational institutions merely do the bare minimum to create ____ façade of respecting and representing within their campus.

To be truly inclusive, ____ aspect of the educational decision must be taken to ensure that all students are cared for and represented.

____ fact, diversity and inclusive practices should be incorporated as an essential part of the mission and vision of the institution.

Nick Davies, the award-winning British journalist, writer and filmmaker calls it the “great blockbuster myth of modern journalism” that the ____ media reports, or strives to report, “objective” truth.

The idea that journalists must always cover “both sides” of a story equally and with cool detachment ____ deeply rooted in our culture.

Journalists are taught this idea when they are trained and are later frequently reminded of it by way of clichéd mantras from their peers and superiors in the ____

“We need to give equal weight to the opposing viewpoint,” the saying goes, as if a holistic pursuit of truth were always made up of just two halves that are in ____ way always equal.

This simplistic understanding of reality means the news is yet again shaped to ____ artificial criteria.

The result is another veil of distortion: cover-up of the story arrived at through the stripping ____ of perspective.

The attempt to find “balance” by telling “both sides” of a story has nothing to do with objectivity and everything to do with taking a stance of ____

This is a worsened understanding of what ____ objectivity is: a position in relation to reality drawing on numerous perspectives that approach a whole.

The automatic response to assume a neutral stance in journalism likely originated long ago as a safeguard to prevent media members and news organizations from pushing their ____ agendas — whether collective or individual.

Our democratic and egalitarian culture that preaches fairness and ____ also reinforces this tendency to seek impartiality.

As does the dichotomy of the argument culture. Fear by journalists and news organizations of being ____ helps to imprint that rule into stone.

To the casual ____ the rain forests of Southeast Asia about 10,000 to 12,000 years ago would have looked pretty much like the rain forests before and afterward — lots of palms and thorn-covered plants in the lower canopy, and dense trees of all shapes and sizes reaching to the sky.

____ to the eyes of researchers looking into the former forests via pollen analysis, digging into the soils, and reconstructing past landscapes, a pattern emerges:

The ____ species that make up the forests are shifting in frequency and density.

Certain palms and fruiting trees and climbing plants are becoming more common, others are moving from one type of growth pattern to another, and others ____ simply disappearing.

One expects these types of change in forest structure as climates change and sea levels ____ and drop — but these changes in Southeast Asian forests are not clearly linked to the climate.

Something else started ____ shape the way the forests look and work. Guess who.

The genus Homo had been living in ____ around the forests of Southeast Asia for hundreds of thousands of years without changing the ecology much, but by at least 10,000 to 15,000 years ago, humans started targeting certain types of trees, favoring them and their fruits, nuts, and leaves or using their bark or their long, dense, threadlike stems.

Moving small climbing vines or pulling out competing young trees that inhibited their access to the trees opened ____ new space for growth and reproduction for humans’ favorites.

People might even have defended certain trees against other animals ____ kept birds out during the fruiting season.