2026 수능특강 영어 19강 변형

____ grabbing a piece of paper between your thumb and index finger.

Maybe you already are, as you ____ this page.

We use this type of ____, pad-to-pad precision gripping without thinking about it, and literally in a snap.

Yet it was a ____ in human evolution.

Other primates exhibit some kinds of precision grips in the handling and use of objects, but not with the kind of efficient opposition that our ____ anatomy allows.

In a single hand, humans can easily hold and manipulate objects, even ____ and delicate ones, while adjusting our fingers to their shape and reorienting them with displacements of our fingertip pads.

Our relatively long, powerful thumb and other anatomical attributes, including our flat nails (which nearly all primates possess), make this ____.

Just picture trying — and failing — to ____ this page with pointy, curved claws.

With a unique combination of traits, the ____ hand shaped our history.

No question, stone tools ____ have become a keystone of human technology and subsistence without hands that could do the job, along with a nervous system that could regulate and coordinate the necessary signals.

Anybody who’s ever attempted to make a spear tip or arrowhead from a rock knows that it requires strong grips, constant rotation and repositioning, and ____, careful strikes with another hard object.

And even with a fair ____ of know-how, it can be a bloody business.

When students have trouble spelling, we commonly describe them as ____ a “poor visual memory,” as if good spelling were primarily a function of a photographic image maker in the mind.

After all, we use our eyes to look at print: shouldn’t spelling have something to do with looking ____ and harder at a word or striving to remember the word through visual imaging?

Linguists ____ have studied spelling, however, have demonstrated that one’s memory for printed words has much to do with linguistic knowledge and the visual attention and memory processes of good and poor spellers do not explain the differences in their skills.

If spelling were a rote visual memory skill, how could the students in the Scripps National Spelling Bee succeed in spelling words they have never seen ____?

Good spelling is the result of knowledge of language structure, ____ origin, and word meaning and the memory involved in spelling is memory for linguistic information.

This reality implies that asking students to close their eyes and imagine the letter strings in words or asking students to write words in lists many times over may have some value, but these “visual” strategies will be more productive if they are ____ with learning how the words are structured and why they might be spelled the way they are.

Students who are from diverse backgrounds ____ identify and connect with faculty who are also from diverse backgrounds.

However, the number of faculty from diverse backgrounds is falling ____ when compared to the increase in diverse students.

Forbes, a leading business and ____ magazine, cited a study from the Hispanic Journal of Law and Policy regarding the minimum growth in the number of college faculty members of color in institutions qualified to offer doctoral degrees.

Between 2013 and 2017, “the number of Hispanic and Latino faculty ____ grew by less than 1% and the number of black faculty members grew by only one-tenth of a percent.”

While there have been some steps to increase hiring of diverse faculty, the academic pipeline for new faculty of color remains ____, and recruitment practices which favor the status quo often create barriers to achieving a diverse and well-represented faculty.

As a result, students especially in an online platform feel underrepresented, ____, and alienated because most, if not all, of their instructors have cultural backgrounds and values that are very different from what they are accustomed to.

Several colleges now ____ training in recognizing and addressing bias for their faculty and staff members.

However, these, at best, can be categorized as tokenism. ____ to Webster, “‘tokenism’ is the practice of doing something only to prevent criticism by others.”

To join the bandwagon, ____ educational institutions merely do the bare minimum to create a façade of respecting and representing within their campus.

To be truly inclusive, every aspect of the educational decision ____ be taken to ensure that all students are cared for and represented.

In fact, diversity and inclusive practices should be incorporated as an essential part of the ____ and vision of the institution.

Nick Davies, the award-winning British journalist, writer and filmmaker calls it the “great blockbuster myth of modern ____” that the news media reports, or strives to report, “objective” truth.

The idea that journalists must ____ cover “both sides” of a story equally and with cool detachment is deeply rooted in our culture.

Journalists are taught this idea when they are trained and are later frequently reminded of it by way of clichéd mantras from their ____ and superiors in the newsroom.

“We need to give equal weight to the opposing viewpoint,” the saying goes, as if a holistic pursuit of truth were always ____ up of just two halves that are in every way always equal.

This ____ understanding of reality means the news is yet again shaped to meet artificial criteria.

The result is another veil of distortion: cover-up of the story arrived at ____ the stripping away of perspective.

The attempt to find “balance” by telling “____ sides” of a story has nothing to do with objectivity and everything to do with taking a stance of neutrality.

This is a worsened understanding of what real objectivity is: a position in relation to reality drawing on numerous ____ that approach a whole.

The automatic response to assume a neutral stance in journalism likely originated long ago as a safeguard to prevent media members and news organizations from pushing their own agendas — ____ collective or individual.

Our democratic and egalitarian culture that preaches fairness and even-handedness ____ reinforces this tendency to seek impartiality.

As does the dichotomy of the argument culture. ____ by journalists and news organizations of being wrong helps to imprint that rule into stone.

To the casual observer, the rain forests of Southeast Asia about ____ to 12,000 years ago would have looked pretty much like the rain forests before and afterward — lots of palms and thorn-covered plants in the lower canopy, and dense trees of all shapes and sizes reaching to the sky.

But to the eyes of researchers looking into the former forests via pollen analysis, ____ into the soils, and reconstructing past landscapes, a pattern emerges:

The plant species that ____ up the forests are shifting in frequency and density.

Certain palms and fruiting trees and climbing plants are ____ more common, others are moving from one type of growth pattern to another, and others are simply disappearing.

One expects ____ types of change in forest structure as climates change and sea levels rise and drop — but these changes in Southeast Asian forests are not clearly linked to the climate.

Something else started to ____ the way the forests look and work. Guess who.

The genus Homo had been living in and around the forests of Southeast Asia for hundreds of thousands of years without changing the ecology much, but by at least 10,000 to 15,000 years ago, humans started targeting certain ____ of trees, favoring them and their fruits, nuts, and leaves or using their bark or their long, dense, threadlike stems.

Moving small climbing vines or pulling out competing young trees that inhibited their access to the trees opened up new ____ for growth and reproduction for humans’ favorites.

People might even have defended certain trees ____ other animals and kept birds out during the fruiting season.