영어1 비상 홍민표 스페셜 유닛 1 변형문제

In the busy London streets of ____, a special study was conducted.

Scientists observed more than 31,000 people who had various ____ on buses and trains.

Some jobs demanded ____ of moving around, like ticket collectors, while others, like drivers, didn’t require much movement.

What was interesting was that the workers with more active jobs had fewer heart problems than those who ____ a lot.

This implied that jobs requiring more ____ around were healthier for workers than those jobs that didn’t.

What could account for the ____ in their health outcomes?

The answer to this requires a ____ formula and a little bit of math.

The ____ is an easy equation: the total energy expenditure of the body equals 「BMR + TEF + PA」.

In the human body, the energy from different foods people ____ is used to keep everything running smoothly.

The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is a measurement of how much energy is needed to stay ____;

the thermic effect of food (TEF) is a ____ of the energy used to consume and absorb energy from food;

and physical activity (PA) is a measurement of the energy used beyond ____ lying in bed.

Learning about the composition of these three elements can ____ people make better choices for their health and well-being.

Most of the energy the ____ uses each day is set or fixed.

Assuming an energy input of 2,000 calories, about 1,400 calories, or 70%, goes to ____ functions such as keeping the heart and the brain working; this is called the basal metabolic rate (BMR).

Around 200 calories, or 10%, is used to consume and absorb energy ____ food and is called the thermic effect of food (TEF).

In short, BMR and TEF are the minimum energy required for the ____ to stay alive.

The remaining 400 calories, or 20%, is used for things people choose to do, including various physical activities (PA) like working, playing, and ____ around.

Maybe some of the London public transportation workers spent the remaining 20% ____, resulting in their different health outcomes.

Then, what do ____ do with the remaining 400 calories?

They may be burned by intense physical exercise like jogging, ____ out at the gym, playing badminton or tennis, or venturing out for a hike.

However, those calories may also be burned by small, seemingly unimportant activities we do throughout the ____, like standing up and sitting down, walking around the house, washing dishes, doing the laundry, taking out the garbage, and many others.

These actions are collectively ____ Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT) as they use up energy too!

For example, a 40-minute run ____ burn around 400 calories.

Doing this could use up the excess energy budget completely, but not everyone has 40 minutes a day to go for a ____.

Taking 10,000 steps, which is like walking about 8 kilometers, ____ 400 calories as well.

What this means is that while a 40-minute run will burn ____ calories, doing small things like more walking, taking stairs, or even just cleaning your room can add up at the end of the day, too.

What Happens When You Increase ____

Each gram of body fat contains about 9 calories, so if you spend your day eating and not ____, your body may convert the 400 calories into 44 grams of fat.

This is not healthy over the long ____.

While NEAT doesn’t provide the heart and muscles with the same benefits that exercise does, excess energy ____ gets used up instead of being stored.

You ____ not necessarily get fit, but you’ll stay in energy balance, which is important for long term health.

Paying attention to NEAT has ____ health benefits as well.

Sitting too much can cause problems like heart disease and muscle loss, so standing not only increases NEAT but also decreases sitting time, ____ is a win-win.

As people get older, it may become more difficult to stay ____, so adopting a lifestyle that maximizes NEAT is a good habit for younger people to make.

Walking more, taking ____, or even using smaller water cups so they have to be refilled more often uses energy.

Whether it’s for weight ____ or trying to stay more active during exam week, understanding NEAT is a great way to maintain energy balance in the body.

In the big picture, your body is ____ an an energy account book that needs to be balanced.

All the ____ you eat is credit in the account, and you need to spend energy to keep it all in balance.

____ if you eat too much food without using the excess energy, your body will store the extra as fat, which is not healthy.

Remember, standing uses more energy than sitting, walking uses more energy than standing, and running ____ more energy than walking, so let’s all keep moving, stay active, and use our energy wisely for a healthier life!