26강 언어, 문학, 예술
Gateway 장르 소설 속 등장인물의 변화
In most ____ characters' lives are limited to the individual work.
Readers may disagree ____ the characteristics and traits of fictional figures, and in drama there is room for different interpretations of characters.
However, it is less common for characters in literary fiction to reappear in subsequent works than in genre fiction, where series featuring the same ____ characters are common.
This is even more pronounced in comics, which are typically serialized in newspaper ____ or comic books.
Thus characters introduced in the 1930s, like Superman and Batman, ____ still enjoy new adventures decades later.
During these characters' long histories, they ____ in various ways for a variety of reasons.
If a character is created by a single ____ like Sherlock Holmes, the character's core traits may change little from story to story, but readers learn more about him with each successive story.
On the other hand, if characters are the work of several hands over decades, they may ____ considerably.
While characters in most literary ____ hardly ever feature in successive works, those in genre fiction and comics often do so, and may undergo transformation in their traits especially when written about by different authors over time.
Exercise 1 예술 작품의 감상과 그 맥락
In the context of a studio visit, the viewer might notice several clipped newspaper articles pinned to the wall, a wax-coated hotplate, walls with paint marks, ____ floors and several sculptures barely visible through their plastic wrap.
Such real-world clues offer the visitor a foothold onto ____ artist's oeuvre.
The studio ____ imagines that the artist is currently a painter, who applies wax and resin and finds inspiration in particular articles.
Similarly, guests experiencing artworks in some homes notice art positioned next to furnishings, family photographs displayed on ____ piano and coffee-table books stacked to demonstrate preferences.
Together, these components affect particular ____
Within the artist's studio or collector's home, residue from studio activities or the collector's personal belongings help to ____ the artworks to the world.
____ contrast, artworks displayed in exhibitions feel comparatively isolated, practically clipped from the world where they originated.
This could explain why aestheticians tend to treat artworks as singletons, rather ____ as members of some set.
Exercise 2 문화에 따른 신호 해석 차이
Linguists typically distinguish between signals that are communicative and those that are informative, depending ____ whether the information is conveyed intentionally or not.
For example, a deliberate wink is ____ from an involuntary blink by the communicative intention that lies behind it.
Yet in intercultural interaction, information conveyed unintentionally may actually be interpreted as intentional; for ____ in some cultures, showing the soles of one's shoes can communicate an insult and when somebody does that, it is typically assumed to have communicative intent.
However, for someone from a cultural group where that convention ____ not exist, such behaviour would be unintentional and hence would not be communicative.
In other words, a ____ piece of behaviour may be communicative to some of the participants and only informative to others.
Exercise 3 이야기가 인간의 공감 능력과 자아 인식에 미치는 영향
Through stories we can ____ the human condition and see how other people think.
This can affirm our own beliefs and ____ but it also challenges them.
Regardless of the language, there is something universal about what occurs in ____ brain at the point when we are processing narratives, triggering better self-awareness and empathy for others.
Psychologists scanned people listening to narratives in English, Farsi, and Mandarin, and found the same patterns of ____ activation when people found meaning in the stories.
Other studies find that reading fiction significantly increases empathy ____ others, including people of a different race or religion.
And the ____ absorbed in a story a reader is, the more empathetically they behave in real life.
For instance, if the researcher "accidentally" dropped ____ pens, those participants who had previously reported being "highly absorbed" in the story were about twice as likely to help pick up the pens.
Another study ____ that literary fiction "uniquely engages the psychological processes needed to gain access to characters' subjective experiences."
That ____ to say, if you read novels, you can probably read emotions, vital skills for forming cooperative societies.