28강 심리, 대인 관계
Gateway 소셜 미디어 참여를 통한 사회적 자본의 형성
One reason that people ____ in social media is because it builds social relations.
We increase our social capital when we successfully engage in ____ media.
Social capital describes the networks of relationships we have that are built on mutuality and sharing of identity, ____, norms and values.
We build ties that may pay off with a job ____ or a letter of recommendation.
We reinforce our identities ____ our online presentation in a personal blog or our profile.
"The premise behind the notion of social capital is rather simple and straightforward: investment in ____ relations with expected returns," noted sociologist Nan Lin.
Lin's work ____ that it is who you know as much as what you know that shapes our experience in society.
With new media, our ____ of connecting is all the greater, expanding our "who you know" to greater and greater lengths.
Exercise 1 사바나 풍경에 대한 선호와 경험에 따른 변화
People like pictures of the savanna, even if they have never been ____.
In one study, people of different ages (8, 11, 15, 18, 35, and over 70 years) looked at images of tropical forests, deciduous ____, coniferous forests, deserts, and the East African savanna.
Eight-year-old children said that they would like to live in or visit the savanna ____ than any other environment.
After the age of 15, people ____ liked deciduous and coniferous forests.
____ none of these people had visited savannas, the implication is that this preference was programmed into their brains.
This programmed preference is ____ "the savanna hypothesis."
As people get older, this preference gets modified by ____ they have lived.
Synek and Grammer, researchers in evolutionary psychology, confirmed these findings in a different ____.
They showed that young children in Austria prefer landscapes thinly ____ with trees and with low mountains, scenes that resemble the savanna.
After puberty, their preferences shifted to areas with ____ trees and higher mountains, again, presumably, because of more experience with these terrains.
Exercise 2 꿈 출처 확인하기
Dreamers find it difficult to determine whether a ____ is from a dream or some other source after time has passed, known as "source monitoring."
It is difficult to distinguish ____ memories of real dreams and made-up ones, imagination or stories someone else told us.
Dream source monitoring was ____ to be less accurate than other memory source monitoring.
A cognitive psychologist, Marcia K. Johnson and her colleagues' explanation is that "real dreams are deficient in information about ____ operations that help identify the self-generations we create when we are awake."
Although dreams are usually ____ vivid than imagination, the cognitive operations that generate imagining are also remembered.
Remembering that you intentionally thought of an image helps distinguish it from a perception that you did not intentionally ____.
Dream generation, in contrast, is "transparent" in that we don't experience the generation process, ____ it more difficult to source monitor.
Exercise 3 성공과 실패의 중요도 평가
Much research in social psychology has documented some of the key strategies that people rely upon in defending the belief I am ____.
For example, when people ____ poorly at something, they tend to trivialize their failures.
This ____ disarms those failures and prevents them from overwriting their life stories.
Imagine, say, that ____ fails a calculus test.
A common defensive response is to conclude that this ____ was just not that important to them.
They may say to themselves, "Who cares about calculus ____. I'm not going to become a mathematician."
In contrast, people will typically show the precise opposite pattern for their ____ and will interpret those events as being of outsize importance.
So if someone aces a calculus test, they may ____ to themselves about how crucial calculus is for their future career success and how it's key to getting into graduate school or getting a highly desired job as an engineer or a financial analyst.
By titrating how importantly people view their successes and failures, they can shape their emotional reactions to these events in a ____ that enables them to tell a more convincing story that I am good.