17강 문단 속에 문장 넣기
Gateway 내러티브가 우리에게 끼치는 영향
While stories ____ dominate statistics from both memorability and persuasiveness perspectives, it's rarely a battle between facts and anecdotes ― or even facts and other facts.
The real clash is actually ____ stories: the predominant incumbent and a new challenger.
As storytelling creatures, we routinely form narratives to ____ us understand the world around us.
When we experience different events or encounter various ____, our minds seek to make sense of them by forming stories around them.
For example, if you have had ____ bad experiences with graduates from a particular university, you may create a negative narrative in your mind about people who went to that school.
Suddenly, you judge everyone from the university by what you've experienced on just a few unfortunate ____.
Sometimes these internal ____ we form not only shape our beliefs and opinions but also become deeply rooted in our identity.
For example, the narratives you have formed around gun control or climate ____ are most likely related with your political ideology ― who you are as an individual.
Exercise 1 심층 작업과 피상적 작업의 차이
____ work is when you perform an activity with deep concentration that pushes your cognitive capabilities, and by doing so create new value and improve your skills.
These efforts are hard to replicate; and to be able to do deep work, we ____ a distraction-free environment.
For many people though, we spend far too much time on the other end of the scale, doing what is ____ to as shallow work.
This style of working is not cognitively demanding but is rather an execution of logical-type tasks that rarely create new value (although they ____ still be important).
We often perform these tasks ____ we are distracted.
Shallow work has its place, both ____ routine-type tasks need to be done and because we cannot spend our entire time doing deep work.
The problem with too much shallow work is that we feel busy, maybe even stressed, but we ____ see any output reflecting our experienced effort.
Exercise 2 상징이 만들어 내는 주관적 현실
Subjective reality is acquired and shared through agreed-upon symbols, ____ language.
____ are instrumental in helping people derive meanings from social situations.
In social encounters, each person's interpretation or ____ of a given situation becomes a subjective reality from that person's viewpoint.
We often assume that ____ we consider to be "reality" is shared by others; however, this assumption is often incorrect.
If a person shouts "Fire!" in a crowded ____ theater, for example, that language produces the same response (attempting to escape) in all of those who hear and understand it.
When people in a ____ do not share the same meaning for a given symbol, however, confusion results; for example, people who did not know the meaning of the word fire would not know what the commotion was about.
How people interpret the messages they receive and the situations they encounter becomes their subjective reality and may strongly influence their ____.
Exercise 3 우울증의 다양한 원인, 증상, 치료법
Depression is terrible, and it is ____.
Roughly one in seven ____ will experience at least one full-blown depressive episode in their lifetime.
It is a tragedy on an individual and a societal level, yet we ― and by we, I mean ____ of us, including doctors ― struggle to grasp it.
This is because depression is not one disease; it is a collection of symptoms that appears similar across sufferers, despite resulting from a melting pot of diverse ____ and mechanisms.
There is no single reason for depression: one person's depressive episode seems to clearly ____ from recent life events, another from historic trauma and loss, yet another out of the blue, with no clear psychological or social cause whatsoever.
There is also no one presentation of depression: in fact, there are 227 possible ____ combinations that meet the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder.
Perhaps understandably, there is no one treatment for this condition, ____.
Antidepressants lead to improvement in roughly a third of patients, offer some kind of improvement in another third, while a final ____ remain completely unaffected.
Exercise 4 철학에서 유추의 두 가지 기능
Analogies can serve two different ____ in philosophy.
Sometimes, as seems often the case in Plato, for example, they serve simply to ____.
When Socrates compares the Good with the sun, he ____ simply be using the image of the sun to help bring to life his arguments about the Good.
On other occasions, however, the analogy can be an ____ part of an argument.
Consider one of the most popular arguments for the existence of God, the 'argument from design', which has been advanced by many thinkers, from the ancient ____ to British theologian William Paley.
The argument holds that just as an artefact such as a watch ____ the existence of an artisan, so the universe implies the existence of a divine creator.
Here the analogy with the watch is ____ meant simply to illustrate a point.
____, the analogy is supposed to show why we should conclude that the universe has a creator.
Exercise 5 결과와 과정으로서의 회복
Psychological recovery outcomes relate to the restoration of mental resources such as attention, motivation, mental energy, and ____.
Recovery can be considered a process as ____ as an outcome.
Recovery as an ____ refers to one's physiological and psychological state after a certain recovery period, which can be, for instance, at the end of the day, after engaging in a certain activity, or after waking up.
Physiological recovery ____ involve the restoration of physiological resources such as muscle strength, heart rate, and the absence of physical fatigue (e.g., muscle soreness, heavy arms and legs).
As such, one's physiological and psychological states act as a resource that functions as a ____ for upcoming activities as well.
Recovery as a process refers to those activities and experiences that result in a change in ____ physiological and psychological state.
Accordingly, recovery ____ precede recovery outcomes and, consequently, determine whether adequate recovery is obtained.
Regarding recovery processes, physical inactivity is generally considered the most effective way to restore physiological ____.
Exercise 6 고통의 경험이 삶의 의미 인식에 미치는 영향
The difficult times that we ____ play a key role in helping us to lead more meaningful lives.
As Jean-Paul Sartre put it, "Human life begins on the far side of ____."
That is, many of the ways people feel their ____ are meaningful are grounded in the sufferings they have experienced.
One research project investigated the differences between people who found their lives to be happy and those ____ found them to be meaningful.
While, on average, happy lives and meaningful ____ overlap a great deal, the researchers focused on those aspects of a meaningful life that were distinct from happiness.
And, remarkably, they found that people who had ____ meaningful lives reported that they had more experience suffering through past negative events.
They also reported worrying more and enduring more things that caused ____ stress.
On the other hand, these past experiences with suffering tended to reduce ____ overall levels of happiness.
Our sufferings, then, seem to help to provide people with the sense that their lives are more meaningful, even if these events are associated with lower ____ of happiness.