공통영어2 천재 강상구 4과 변형문제

We are surrounded by mass-produced items, which are manufactured in quick and ____ ways that ensure maximum profits.

Handcrafting things without relying on machines is often difficult and ____.

That is why more and more craft ____ are going extinct.

Despite all this, there are artisans around the world who make ____ in the old ways with their own bare hands.

Here are three countries that ____ how traditional crafts are still standing.

The women in the town of Sejnane in Tunisia, like Aljia Saidani and her daughter, Rim, still follow the methods of making pottery by hand that ____ back over 3,000 years.

They collect clay and spread it out to dry for about five days under the ____.

They ____ broken pieces of pottery to make the clay stronger.

The mixture is molded ____ a shape that comes to mind on the spot.

Then, the piece is coated with white clay or ____ earth.

Next, it is fired ____ an open flame.

Then, it is ____ time to decorate it.

All the colors come from nature, and the designs give the pottery its unique ____.

In the past, the women of ____ mostly made practical items like bowls, dishes, and cups.

Unfortunately, it is much harder to sell those nowadays, since mass-produced plastic and metal products are ____.

This made the women think more creatively, and now they design ____ pieces like vases and dolls.

The work is tough, and the craft has ____ avoided by young people.

However, Rim says, “It has made me a more patient ____.

____ about it needs to be done step by step.

Everything is in slow ____.

This is actually a life lesson that I ____ cherish.”

____, a village in India, is home to the traditional craft of mirror making.

Here, the mirrors are made entirely of ____.

With typical glass mirrors, light has to travel through the glass in order to get reflected on the back of the glass coated with ____.

In contrast, the Aranmula mirror reflects light on the surface of the ____ and shows a more accurate reflection.

The craft has ____ passed down in Aranmula for around 500 years.

Sudhammal J ____ the trade secrets from her father when she was little, including the formula for the perfect ratio of tin and copper to create the mirror’s reflective surface.

The process is incredibly laborious and is done entirely by ____.

Sudhammal works with her son, Niranjan, often ____ the night.

They first make a clay mold and then prepare pieces of ____ and copper.

With the right mixture of the metal pieces filling the inside, the clay mold ____ in a 1,200-degree fire for about an hour.

____ the metal pieces melt, they cool down the mold, break it, and take the mirror out of it.

It isn’t reflective just ____.

It needs to go through several rounds of ____.

The final step is to fix the mirror inside the metal ____.

Niranjan came home to the ____ after getting a business degree.

“My grandfather’s death ____ me to help my mother.

____ that, my interest and passion grew, too.

The new generation seems uninterested in the craft mostly because of the harsh working conditions, unbearable heat, and ____ hours of tiring work.

However, we won’t sell our craft to machines ____ that would end up dissolving our collective identity.”

In Jeonju, Korea, Kim Dong-sik has ____ making hapjukseons, traditional folding fans that used to be reserved for royal families.

He uses a 350-year-old technique that has been passed down ____ his family.

Although the fan looks simple, the process of making it involves about 150 manual ____ using natural materials.

It takes four to five days to make ____ one fan.

It starts with ____ bamboo.

He makes it ____ by boiling it and leaves it out to dry for up to two weeks.

Then, he splits the bamboo into strips and thins them down again and again until you can ____ through them.

He then ____ two strips into one rib and binds the ribs tightly.

This makes the fan incredibly ____.

Now that the framework is ready, he spreads the fan ribs out with ____ applied on them.

Then, he ____ attaches paper to the ribs, folding it for each rib.

Afterward, the fan may be left plain or ____ by a painter.

Kim says, “To make a fan, ____ need a lot of patience and determination.

In the old days, all the fans were ____ this way.

I stand by this so that the perfect traditional skills can be taught and ____ into the future.”