Lesson 4 Toward Sustainability
Looking to Nature for Help
____ environment is in trouble.
With the planet becoming warmer, sea levels are rising ____ natural disasters such as forest fires and floods are increasing.
More and more waste is also ____ produced.
Plastic, in particular, is causing problems with soil and water ____
It is clear that humans are a major contributor to ____ destruction of nature.
Will we be able to protect the environment from mountains of ____
____ we stop climate change from reaching dangerous levels?
Achieving these goals seems ____
Nature, however, may have provided us with solutions to these ____
Here are three areas where changes are ____ happening.
Dealing with Plastic Waste
About fifty percent of plastic is ____ for single-use products.
That means the items are used ____ once and then discarded.
Do you ever stop to ____ about where these plastic items go after you throw them away?
Recycling can help reduce the ____ of plastic in our landfills.
However, less than ten ____ of the world’s plastic waste has been recycled so far.
Often, plastic waste is moved to places where it ____ just dumped or burned.
Furthermore,
Furthermore, between 8 and 14 ____ metric tons of plastic end up in the ocean every year.
This puts many ____ species in danger.
With ____ in mind, scientists are turning to mealworms.
Mealworms are the larvae of a certain ____ of beetle.
Special bacteria live ____ them.
These ____ can break down plastic.
This means that mealworms can actually feed on ____
Scientists are now looking for ways to cultivate the bacteria outside ____ mealworms.
____ also want to speed up the process by which the bacteria break down plastic.
This may help us keep our landfills ____
Purifying Polluted Soil
Mining and other industries are ____ soil pollution across the globe.
Although polluted soil can be dug up and transported to a landfill, this process is ____
Moreover, ____ only moves the problem to another area and does not really solve it.
Fortunately, there is an eco-friendly and cost-effective way to restore ____ soil—planting willow trees.
These amazing trees have extensive and well-developed ____ systems.
As a result, they naturally extract a wide range of harmful materials ____ the soil.
They can also grow quickly, even ____ soil with a high acidity level or a lot of heavy metals in it.
Research ____ the effectiveness of using willow trees for this purpose is in development.
Scientists have found that some species of willow trees are able to absorb harmful materials better than ____
Therefore, this promising area should be further explored to ____ out which trees are the most effective.
In ____ we may be able to clean up our land with willow trees.
Producing Algae Biofuel
Statistics show that about thirty to forty percent of people in the world drink coffee ____ day.
The coffee-making process, however, generates ____ coffee grounds, which are normally sent to landfills.
There, ____ can create a harmful greenhouse gas.
Unfortunately, there’s no way to stop everyone in the world from drinking ____
However, we can reduce greenhouse gas emissions ____ turning used coffee grounds into biofuel.
Biofuel is ____ natural fuel that is made from plant or animal sources.
Researchers have found that they can grow ____ on old coffee grounds without adding any other nutrients.
If these algae are exposed to twenty hours ____ light and four hours of darkness each day, they eventually produce high-quality biofuel.
The biofuel is renewable and sustainable, and it creates only a small amount of ____
These are just ____ few solutions we can find in nature.
There could be many more possible ____ to the problems we currently face.
____ seems that Mother Nature has given us one more chance.
In return, we need to look for more ways to keep the environment healthy ____ clean.
If we do, the future ____ our planet may be bright after all.