2026 수능특강 영어 21강 변형

Victorian England is characterised by the full ____ of the Industrial Revolution.

England became the first industrial nation in the world and, by ____ the first nation to have more people employed in industry than in agriculture.

Expanding trade coincided with the growth of ____ Empire and brought great wealth to Britain, but this wealth was not evenly distributed.

Many enterprising individuals (the ‘self-made men’) rose from humble origins ____ positions of wealth and influence, but large sections of the working class were forced into the overcrowded slums of large cities where they worked long hours for low wages in unhealthy conditions.

The manufacturing towns of the north of England ____ some of the worst examples and inspired such socially conscious novels as Kingsley’s Alton Locke, Gaskell’s Mary Barton, and Dickens’s Hard Times.

In the south there was London, already the largest city in the world, showing all the crime, ____ and misery which result from overpopulation and unplanned growth.

We learnt to cut wood and plough the earth once we had acquired the ability to attach a stone tip ____ a wooden handle.

____ was abundant, but rare flint was needed for the tip.

In axes, raw and unrefined stone was replaced with flint ____ about 4000 BCE.

Found all over Europe, ____ axes and knives were produced in great quantities — about half a million every year.

But there were very few flint mines. Axe heads originating from one ____ deposit in the Alps have been found all over Western Europe.

Axes from central Poland have ____ discovered 800 kilometres away.

So the earliest human tool, the flint axe, already combined two types of raw material — the easily replaceable stick and the precious flint, which was handed down from one ____ to another, travelling huge distances on its way.

The owners had to protect the sites ____ flint was found, and the first property rights developed.

Others had to produce something of value to exchange: a flock of sheep, for example, or cured hides. ____ is how trade began.

Malcolm Gladwell, in his best-selling book Outliers, shows not only how a culture’s history can influence a ____ development and, thus, adult accomplishments, but also that such influences can extend back many generations and over different continents.

Did one’s ancestors make a living as independent farmers tending rice ____ which required planning and persistent labor, or did they make a living as serfs growing potatoes, which required planting in the spring and harvesting in the fall, with little attention necessary in between?

Are you a descendant of farmers, whose crops were relatively immune to theft, ____ of ranchers, whose livelihoods could be stolen from under one’s nose?

Were people born in a ____ of economic plenty or hardship? Exceptional people (the “outliers” in the title of his book), Gladwell asserts, are not simply the product of hard work and native intelligence.

They are the result of the practices ____ their culture at a particular time in history.

Although Gladwell never mentions ____ or sociocultural theory, his book illustrates the importance of sociohistorical influences on development.

Seeing geography as a decisive factor in the course of human history can be construed as a bleak ____ of the world, which is why it is disliked in some intellectual circles.

It suggests that nature is more powerful than man and that we can go ____ so far in determining our own fate.

____ other factors clearly have an influence on events, too.

Any sensible person can see that ____ is now bending the iron rules of geography.

It has found ____ over, under, or through some of the barriers.

The Americans ____ now fly a plane all the way from Missouri to Mosul on a bombing mission without needing to land to refuel.

That, along with their great aircraft carrier battle groups, means they ____ longer absolutely have to have an ally or a colony in order to extend their global reach around the world.

Of course, if they do have an ____ base on the island of Diego Garcia, or permanent access to the port in Bahrain, then they have more options; but it is less essential.