EBS 2026학년도 수능특강 영어
12강 어휘 적절성 파악
Gateway 경쟁이 동기와 대인 관계에 미치는 심리적 영향
Studies in psychology have reported cases in which competitive ____ resulted in lower task effort, and their focus was on the psychological underpinnings of the reduction in motivation.
For example, competition presents an inevitable conflict between the motivation to achieve one’s personal goal and the desire to maintain ____ relationships with others.
When the maintenance of interpersonal relationships is important, with their ____ in particular or with others generally, competitors experience an internal conflict that can harm their desire to achieve their goal and taint the good feeling brought about by winning.
Exline and Lobel ____ that the perception of oneself as a target for upward social comparison often makes people uncomfortable.
When they believe that others are ____ envious comparisons with them, people feel uneasiness, distress, or sorrow.
Feelings of guilt, an emotion generally associated with high motivation for goal-achievement, ____ to weaker motivation and performance in the pursuit of competitive goals.
Consequences of this emotional state include lower task motivation in a competition and preferences for more cooperative and altruistic outcomes, ____ as diminishing the significance of the outcome or sharing the winner’s reward.
1 식탐의 진화적 배경과 그 영향
Our ____ evolved when food was scarce; thus, we are compelled by our genetic heritage to eat whatever and whenever possible.
Animals have a tendency to eat a ____ deal of food when tasteful food is readily available.
In addition, we also ____ prevent others from taking our food source.
We defend our access to tasty food when it is within easy reach and is at risk of being consumed by ____ humans.
Studies have shown that humans will eat more when more food is ____ even when the food is stale or otherwise unappealing.
Furthermore, even if you point out to others that the food is stale or that they have ____ more than their fair share, they will continue to eat.
Our biological drive to consume tasty food to completion ____ any opposing cognitive or motivational factors.
Even after we have gained a lot of ____, our bodies want to gain more.
2 세계화와 각 분야의 변화
The world is shrinking in many ways. For better or worse, satellite television, mobile phone networks and the internet have created conditions for instantaneous and friction- ____ communication.
Spatial distance is no longer a decisive hindrance for close contact and new, deterritorialized social networks or even ‘____ communities’ have developed.
At the same time, individuals have a larger palette of information to choose from ____ they previously did. The economy is also increasingly globally integrated.
In the last decades, transnational companies have grown exponentially in numbers, size and economic importance. The ____ mode of production and monetary economies in general have become nearly universal in the twenty-first century.
In politics as well, global issues increasingly dominate the ____.
Issues of ____ and peace, the environment and poverty are all of such a scope, and involve so many transnational linkages that they cannot be handled satisfactorily by single states alone.
Pandemics and ____ terrorism are also transnational problems which can only be understood and addressed through international coordination.
3 익숙함으로 인한 뇌 판단의 오류
You could ____ of fluency as the brain’s attempt at making a fast and intuitive truth- judgment as opposed to a more deliberate, analytical assessment.
Of course, the fact that the brain processes familiar ____ more fluently isn’t a bad thing in itself. In fact, in all likelihood it’s probably a useful and adaptive heuristic, or rule of thumb, in many situations.
It would be ____ exhausting for your brain if you had to process every bit of information completely anew.
You know that 2×2 = 4 when you read it — this has ____ repeated to you many times, you can process it fast and fluently.
The real ____ is that something can be true or false for many reasons other than familiarity.
If I were to ask you, for example, how many animals of each kind Moses took with him on the Ark, most people would say ‘____’, despite the fact that in the biblical story it wasn’t Moses on the Ark, it was Noah.
This doesn’t matter to your brain though; it’s just predicting ____ answers.
4 미디어 독자의 세분화
____ and segmentation are of prime importance to media strategy.
The increase in the ____ of media channels and vehicles, and the consequent fragmentation of media audiences, mean that target groups of consumers are both easier and more difficult to reach.
They are easier to reach in the sense that audiences ____ fragmented into narrow interest groups that are served by thousands of special interest magazines and TV channels.
If an advertiser wants to reach, say, trout fishermen, sports car enthusiasts or TV drama fans, ____ are specialist publications and TV shows that are ideal vehicles for targeting such narrowly defined audiences.
But consumer groups are also more difficult to reach because agencies have great difficulty in categorising audiences into target groups that are sufficiently large to be workable for general ____.
Being able to target trout fishermen is useful if you are selling fishing tackle, but ____ for general fast-moving consumer goods sales that require varied target groups.
While trout fishermen probably have other consumer interests too, media ____ that cater for one hobby are of limited use to most advertisers.