2026 수능특강 영어 6강 변형문제

The arrival ____ the Industrial Age changed the relationship among time, labor, and capital.

Factories could produce around the clock, and ____ could do so with greater speed and volume than ever before.

A machine that runs twelve hours a day will produce more ____ than one that runs for only eight hours per day — and a machine that runs twenty-four hours per day will produce the most widgets of all.

As such, at many factories, the workday ____ divided into eight-hour shifts, so that there will always be people on hand to keep the widget machines humming.

Industrialization raised the potential value of every single work hour — the more hours you worked, the more widgets you produced, and the more money you made — and ____ wages became tied to effort and production.

Labor, previously guided by harvest cycles, became clock-oriented, and society started to reorganize around new principles ____ productivity.

In marketing research, consumers ____ participate in interviews, focus groups, or the like, during which they indicate their desires, preferences, or in marketing terms, their wants.

Some methods also try to detect the consumers’ (subconscious) emotions, however with ____ rates of success.

Such behavioural methods, where humans watch how fellow humans react when, e.g., exposed to ____ certain brand or product, manually coding and categorizing their emotions, are labour intensive, and consequently are rarely applied or applied in small sample sizes.

Human-inspired AI makes such methods possible on large scale, and even ____ instantaneous results will be possible.

For example, via facial recognition in ____ supermarket, one might detect shoppers’ emotions facing a shelf displaying the products of a new product launch.

Collecting a vast amount of data from all supermarkets participating ____ the respective launch nationwide would yield quite solid results.

____ Harris and Patti Giuffre’s study of representations of chefs in US food media finds significant differences between how male and female chefs are portrayed.

Great male chefs are repeatedly represented as dedicated, ____ and highly trained professionals and often depicted as ‘iconoclastic’ rule breakers with a unique vision or style.

In contrast, female professional chefs are often judged in terms of homestyle cooking which ‘devalues the training and skill required’ and, by representing their food as ‘amateur and homely’, links them ____ a domestic tradition rather than the professional standards which are crucial to recognition in the culinary field.

In this way, the operations of the culinary field reproduce gender inequalities by valuing qualities associated with a masculine tradition more highly and excluding women from ____ used to classify ‘great chefs’.

This limits a female chef’s ability to gain recognition ____ to accrue the economic, cultural and symbolic rewards that recognition generates.

It is sometimes argued that ____ spread of digital technology will serve to equalize opportunity for small companies as well as established media giants.

Digitization and the growth of the Internet are indeed reducing many barriers to market entry and creating opportunities for smaller enterprises and firms offering skills in ____ forms of content creation (such as computer games).

However, the digital environment favours strong and ____ brands.

In the words ____ one UK publishing executive, ‘brands make it easier for the customer to make choices as the world gets more complicated’.

Without recognizable brands and worthwhile levels of consumer awareness, potential newcomers to ____ online universe may well find that the high initial costs involved in establishing an online presence (typically involving extensive campaigns on conventional media) represent an effective deterrent to market entry.

Large and established media content providers with strong brands and access to ____ back catalogues of images, text and sound have several advantages when it comes to exploitation of the additional scale economies made possible by digitization.

People are confronted with the cognitive dissonance aroused by the thought that one has stereotypes of others that guide one’s social judgments, and the thought that one is a good, fair, ____ rational thinker.

According to dissonance ____ one of these cognitions must change in order for dissonance to be eased. Which one changes?

It is almost always the cognition that is most open to ____ and in this case it is one’s cognitions about stereotyping.

Rather than think that we use stereotypes to evaluate others, we simply do not allow ourselves to ____ to such a conclusion,

and we instead convince ourselves that we are indeed ____ fair, logical thinker by making our social judgments after a considered assessment of the information about the target individual.

In other words, we often either do not realize, or do not consciously acknowledge, that we do indeed stereotype others, or that our stereotype-derived impressions ____ them might be inaccurate.

____ self-delusion helps us maintain our stereotypes while reducing the possibility for cognitive dissonance related to our self-concept.