2026 수능특강 영어 16강 변형문제

The potential for market enforcement is greater when contracting parties have developed ____ capital that can be devalued when contracts are violated.

Farmers and landowners develop reputations for honesty, fairness, producing high yields, and consistently demonstrating that they ____ good at what they do.

____ small, close-knit farming communities, reputations are well known.

Over time landowners indirectly monitor farmers ____ observing the reported output, the general quality of the soil, and any unusual or extreme behavior.

Farmer and landowner reputations act as a bond. In ____ growing season a farmer can reduce effort, overuse soil, or underreport the crop.

Similarly, a landowner ____ undermaintain fences, ditches, and irrigation systems.

Accurate assessments of farmer and landowner behavior will be made over time, and those farmers and landowners who attempt to gain at each other’s expense will ____ that others may refuse to deal with them in the future.

Athletic performance is ____ the only impact that our changing climate has on sports.

The impact on hockey has the ____ Hockey League concerned.

Traditionally, many young Canadians ____ to play hockey while skating on frozen ponds during the winter months.

However, as temperatures rise globally, ____ once suitable for hockey no longer have enough ice to support skating.

Some ____ not freeze at all, and those that do freeze maintain ice thick enough for play for much shorter periods of time each winter.

This means that young people have less access and ____ to learn and play hockey outdoors.

This may translate into fewer ____ and even fewer fans of the sport.

Moreover, young players learning the sport will be ____ to do so in indoor venues, which are much more expensive and harder to access than traditional outdoor play.

Thus, it will become much more difficult for talented players growing up in rural areas and/or in poor ____ to learn to play the sport at a professional level.

This may turn hockey ____ a sport largely inaccessible by the economically disadvantaged.

Ageism reflects the ____ between the old and the young, with the society placing a higher value on the young.

This may explain why even ____ people themselves seem bothered by growing old.

An American food company ____ tried to market dietetic food to older persons under the name “Senior Foods.”

It turned out to ____ a complete failure.

A perceptive observer explained, “People didn’t want to be seen eating the stuff. ____ was labeling them old — and in our society, it is still an embarrassment to be old.”

The bottom line is that American culture is youth oriented, which makes older people feel bad about ____ age.

This feeling may ____ be related to the biological and psychological processes of aging.

But social forces, such as society’s ____ to define older persons as a national burden rather than a national treasure, play an important role, as well.

These social forces can worsen ____ or diminish — the biological and psychological aging.

Moreover, the experience of aging varies within the United States and around the world, involves ____ subjected to prejudice and discrimination, and is misused to generate the myths of aging.

One important way in which our culture enhances our ability to survive and thrive in the world is by passing along the tools it ____ created to make our daily living more effective and efficient.

____ tools are actual physical objects; for example, hammers help us build houses and scissors can cut paper and cloth.

But ____ others are cognitive tools that enable us to think in more productive ways.

____ tools take a variety of forms, including concepts, symbols, strategies, procedures, and any other culturally constructed mechanisms that help us tackle life’s mental challenges more efficiently and effectively.

For ____ example, our system of numbers allows us to perform precise calculations related to building construction, engine design, and cooking.

The maps ____ create help us find our way around new cities, subway systems, and shopping malls.

Our writing system ____ us to record our thoughts on paper or in computer documents.

By the way, computers are cognitive tools as well as physical ones ____ they help us think in increasingly sophisticated ways.

All of these tools are cultural creations — the ____ of many, many years of our collective ingenuity and meaning-making.

Under the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) organic standards, animal products such as meat, milk, and eggs must meet certain minimum ____ to win an organic label.

However, critics say the government’s standards are not strict enough to ensure that farm ____ are raised, transported, and slaughtered in a humane way.

The USDA regulations, for example, provide that animals must have access to the outdoors, including access to pasture for cud-chewing ____ such as cattle and sheep.

Critics say opening a barn door just minutes per day, however, might meet this definition and organic animals may never get ____ walk freely around an outdoor range or pasture.

____ like most conventionally raised farm animals, organically-raised animals may live in very confined, close quarters throughout their lives.

To solve this problem, some animal producers are adding other labels to their foods, such as “open pasture” or “pasture-raised,” to indicate that animals are raised in a pasture rather than fattened in ____ confined facility.

Consumers, however, must be cautious of some labels that seem to suggest humane conditions; designations ____ as “free range,” “cage-free,” or “grass-fed” do not necessarily guarantee that animals are not confined or raised in the outdoors.

If you had been walking around Philadelphia in the summer of 1787 and had ____ across Independence Hall, you would have encountered something strange.

The street in front of the meeting hall — where many of the nation’s founders were assembled to draft the U.S. Constitution — was filled with a gigantic mound of ____

The delegates to the Constitutional Convention had ordered the ____ of this earthen noise barrier.

They believed the sounds of carriages, street sellers, and conversations ____ would disturb their intense deliberation and writing.

They weren’t going for a monastic silence. As the historical records show, there were ____ of bitter vocal disagreements.

Given the social mores of the day, there might have been occasional moments of emotional release through yelling or throwing things at one ____

Still, there was an underlying recognition of the need for a quiet container in which ____ do difficult thinking as a group.

The big dirt mound was an effort to make this ____

Encoding is the term that is most often used to describe the way in which information is put ____ memory.

Once an object, item, or event has been attended to (or, in some cases, ____ if it is not being attended to), it is a valid candidate for encoding into memory.

The encoding process ____ a mental representation based on the amount of effort and detail that was processed via attention.

For example, suppose you are shopping at ____ farmers’ market for winter squash.

Each squash you see is ____ some low level of processing so that what is encoded into memory is the experience of seeing many squashes.

This relatively shallow ____ will result in relatively weak memory traces.

However, if you happened to see a squash that was unusually shaped, or very large, or that really caught your attention in some way, you might encode with more effort and detail, and this would likely result in a stronger ____ trace for that specific squash.