공통영어2 천재 강상구 4과 변형문제

We are surrounded ____ mass-produced items, which are manufactured in quick and cheap ways that ensure maximum profits.

Handcrafting things without relying on machines is often ____ and slow.

That is why more and more ____ skills are going extinct.

Despite all this, there are artisans around the world who make things in the old ways with their own bare ____

Here are three countries ____ show how traditional crafts are still standing.

The women in the town of Sejnane in Tunisia, like Aljia Saidani and her daughter, Rim, still follow the methods of making pottery by hand that date back over 3,000 ____

They collect clay and spread it out to dry for about five days under the ____

They add broken pieces of pottery to make the clay ____

The mixture is molded ____ a shape that comes to mind on the spot.

Then, the piece ____ coated with white clay or red earth.

Next, it is fired ____ an open flame.

Then, it is finally time to decorate ____

All the colors come from nature, and ____ designs give the pottery its unique look.

In the past, ____ women of Sejnane mostly made practical items like bowls, dishes, and cups.

Unfortunately, it is much harder to sell those nowadays, since mass-produced ____ and metal products are cheaper.

This made the women think more creatively, and now they design ____ pieces like vases and dolls.

____ work is tough, and the craft has been avoided by young people.

However, Rim says, ____ has made me a more patient person.

Everything about it needs to be done ____ by step.

Everything is in slow ____

This is actually a life ____ that I really cherish.”

____ a village in India, is home to the traditional craft of mirror making.

Here, the mirrors ____ made entirely of metal.

With typical glass mirrors, light has ____ travel through the glass in order to get reflected on the back of the glass coated with metal.

In contrast, the Aranmula mirror reflects light on the surface of the metal ____ shows a more accurate reflection.

The craft has been passed down in Aranmula for ____ 500 years.

Sudhammal J learned the trade secrets from her father when she was little, including the ____ for the perfect ratio of tin and copper to create the mirror’s reflective surface.

The process is ____ laborious and is done entirely by hand.

Sudhammal works with her son, Niranjan, often ____ the night.

They first make ____ clay mold and then prepare pieces of tin and copper.

With the right mixture of the metal pieces filling the ____ the clay mold sits in a 1,200-degree fire for about an hour.

After the metal pieces melt, they cool down the mold, break it, and take ____ mirror out of it.

It ____ reflective just yet.

It needs ____ go through several rounds of polishing.

The final step ____ to fix the mirror inside the metal frame.

Niranjan came home to the craft ____ getting a business degree.

“My grandfather’s death led me to help ____ mother.

Through ____ my interest and passion grew, too.

The new generation ____ uninterested in the craft mostly because of the harsh working conditions, unbearable heat, and long hours of tiring work.

____ we won’t sell our craft to machines because that would end up dissolving our collective identity.”

In Jeonju, Korea, Kim Dong-sik ____ been making hapjukseons, traditional folding fans that used to be reserved for royal families.

He uses a 350-year-old technique that has ____ passed down through his family.

Although the fan looks simple, the process of making it involves about ____ manual steps using natural materials.

It takes ____ to five days to make just one fan.

____ starts with preparing bamboo.

He makes it soft by boiling it and leaves it out to dry ____ up to two weeks.

Then, he splits the bamboo into strips and thins ____ down again and again until you can see through them.

____ then glues two strips into one rib and binds the ribs tightly.

This makes the fan incredibly ____

Now that the framework is ready, he spreads the fan ribs out with glue ____ on them.

Then, he carefully attaches paper to the ribs, folding it for each ____

Afterward, the fan may be left plain or decorated ____ a painter.

Kim says, “To make a fan, ____ need a lot of patience and determination.

In the old days, all the fans were made ____ way.

I stand by this so that the ____ traditional skills can be taught and carried into the future.”