공통영어2 천재 강상구 4과 변형문제

We are surrounded by mass-produced items, which are manufactured in ____ and cheap ways that ensure maximum profits.

Handcrafting things ____ relying on machines is often difficult and slow.

That is why ____ and more craft skills are going extinct.

Despite all this, there are artisans around the world who make ____ in the old ways with their own bare hands.

Here are ____ countries that show how traditional crafts are still standing.

The women in the town of Sejnane in Tunisia, like Aljia Saidani and her daughter, Rim, still follow the methods of making pottery by hand that date back over ____ years.

They collect clay and spread it out to dry for about five days under the ____

____ add broken pieces of pottery to make the clay stronger.

The mixture is molded into a shape that comes to ____ on the spot.

Then, the piece is coated with ____ clay or red earth.

____ it is fired over an open flame.

Then, it is finally time ____ decorate it.

All ____ colors come from nature, and the designs give the pottery its unique look.

In the past, the women of Sejnane mostly made practical items like bowls, ____ and cups.

Unfortunately, it is much harder to sell those nowadays, since mass-produced plastic and metal products are ____

This made the women think more creatively, and now they design original pieces like vases ____ dolls.

The work is tough, and the craft has been avoided ____ young people.

However, Rim ____ “It has made me a more patient person.

Everything about it ____ to be done step by step.

Everything is ____ slow motion.

This is actually a life lesson that ____ really cherish.”

Aranmula, ____ village in India, is home to the traditional craft of mirror making.

____ the mirrors are made entirely of metal.

With typical glass mirrors, light has to travel through ____ glass in order to get reflected on the back of the glass coated with metal.

In contrast, the ____ mirror reflects light on the surface of the metal and shows a more accurate reflection.

The craft has been passed down in ____ for around 500 years.

Sudhammal J learned the trade secrets from her father when she was little, including the formula for the perfect ratio of tin and copper to create the mirror’s ____ surface.

The process is incredibly laborious and is done ____ by hand.

____ works with her son, Niranjan, often into the night.

They first make a clay mold and then prepare pieces ____ tin and copper.

With the right mixture of the metal pieces filling the inside, the clay mold sits in a 1,200-degree fire ____ about an hour.

After the metal pieces melt, they cool down the mold, break it, and take ____ mirror out of it.

____ isn’t reflective just yet.

It needs to ____ through several rounds of polishing.

The final step is to ____ the mirror inside the metal frame.

Niranjan came home to the ____ after getting a business degree.

“My grandfather’s death led me to help ____ mother.

____ that, my interest and passion grew, too.

The new generation seems uninterested in the craft mostly because of the harsh working conditions, unbearable heat, ____ long hours of tiring work.

However, we ____ sell our craft to machines because that would end up dissolving our collective identity.”

In ____ Korea, Kim Dong-sik has been making hapjukseons, traditional folding fans that used to be reserved for royal families.

He uses a 350-year-old technique that ____ been passed down through his family.

Although the fan looks ____ the process of making it involves about 150 manual steps using natural materials.

It takes ____ to five days to make just one fan.

It starts with preparing ____

He makes it soft by boiling it and ____ it out to dry for up to two weeks.

Then, he splits the bamboo into strips and thins them down ____ and again until you can see through them.

He ____ glues two strips into one rib and binds the ribs tightly.

This makes ____ fan incredibly strong.

Now that ____ framework is ready, he spreads the fan ribs out with glue applied on them.

Then, he carefully attaches paper ____ the ribs, folding it for each rib.

Afterward, the fan ____ be left plain or decorated by a painter.

Kim says, “To make a ____ you need a lot of patience and determination.

____ the old days, all the fans were made this way.

____ stand by this so that the perfect traditional skills can be taught and carried into the future.”