Lesson 4 Amazing Animals Around Us
A World on the Wing
Hello, listeners. Did you know there are times at night when a massive migration happens ____ over your heads?
The scale of migration involving billions of birds traveling up to ____ of kilometers leaves you in awe.
On today’s ____ Tea Time , we invite naturalist and author Scott Weidensaul to share his knowledge.
He’s spent decades studying ____ birds, writing about them, and engaging in conservation efforts.
Welcome to the ____, Mr. Weidensaul.
Thanks for ____ me, Jo.
Your new book says every spring and fall, hundreds of millions to billions of migratory birds pass over our roofs, but we seem to ____ no idea that it’s happening. Why is that?
Well, most birds migrate after dark, including almost all of the birds that are normally active during the ____.
That’s why it’s ____ for us to realize the migration is happening.
They ____ at night because the night sky is cooler, and the air calmer.
Besides, ____ are fewer predators at night.
If you could strip away the night sky and make everything visible, this migration ____ probably be the largest, greatest natural spectacle on the planet.
Among those global travelers in your book, I found the bartailed godwits to be ____ impressive.
Sure. Some of them can even make a 10,000 km nonstop journey across the Pacific Ocean, from western ____ to New Zealand in 11 days.
How do they travel such a long distance ____ a nearly featureless ocean?
To find their routes, the bar-tailed ____ probably rely on the sun and stars among other things.
Some experts believe that they may be able to sense the earth’s magnetic field lines, ____.
You may also wonder how, if ____, they sleep while flying over a vast ocean.
It turns ____ that migratory birds use an approach called “half-brain sleep.”
This is how it ____.
Only the left half of the brain sleeps for a couple of ____, then only the right half for the next couple of seconds, and then this process repeats over and over again.
Isn’t it ____?
Actually, some sea mammals like dolphins can do that, ____, because they have to keep breathing consciously.
Jo: That’s a neat trick.
Who wouldn’t like to have ____ an ability?
Birds in migratory condition can do things that they can’t do at other ____ of the year.
Another ____ trick you might envy is that they can gain a tremendous amount of muscle tissue without exercise.
For example, before some bar-tailed godwits leave Alaska in September and make a 10,000 km flight across the Pacific, they undergo a process of binge ____.
They just eat and eat until they double their ____.
By the time they take off, their heart and flight muscles may ____ increased by 50%.
After they have eaten as much as they possibly can and can’t put any more weight on, their digestive organs shrink dramatically ____ these won’t be put to use during the non-stop flight to New Zealand.
Then what happens after they arrive ____?
They regrow their digestive organs and spend the summer feeding again, and they undergo the same journey ____ to Alaska.
They do this again and ____ for 25 to 30 years, flying up to 30,000 km every year.
By the ____ bar-tailed godwits die, they have flown close to twice the distance from Earth to the moon.
That’s truly impressive. By the way, I hear you’ve visited Korea several ____ before.
Why do ____ come here so often?
As a bird watcher and ____, I find the Yellow Sea mudflats between Korea and China very special.
They are some of the largest tidal mudflats on the earth and provide a critical stopover point for the countless ____ birds on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway.
While these enormous stretches of tidal ____ look featureless to the human eye, they have plenty of marine life forms.
So the mudflats are drawing all kinds of birds in from as far away as New ____, Australia, and Asia?
Yes. Many of these birds fly several thousand kilometers to get to the ____ Sea.
Here, they have to double their weight in ____ than two weeks and make another flight of several thousand kilometers up north.
That’s why the Yellow ____ is so critically important.
It’s one of the few places in the world where ____ birds can get the resources they need on their difficult journey.
Oh, I had no ____ that the Yellow Sea has such importance.
What do you think we can do to preserve this precious gathering place for ____ birds?
Well, you can ____ by raising awareness of its importance among people around you.
Or, if you want to be more ____ involved, you can participate in cleaning up beaches or monitoring wildlife habitats.
On a bigger scale, ____ migratory birds travel through many countries, international cooperation is a must for their protection.
Actually, I’m working with an international organization consisting of the countries along the East ____ Flyway.
As a result of our international ____, we managed to successfully bring back the endangered blackfaced spoonbills.
Fascinating! Mr. Weidensaul, today you let us see migratory birds and the Yellow Sea in a whole new way. ____ you!