공통영어2 지학 신상근 2과 변형문제

You may have ____ the feeling of standing on a heated floor after coming in from a cold winter’s day.

Your body warms up from your ____

However, in some buildings like schools and hospitals, you ____ experience cold feet and warm air at the same time.

This is because your home and school probably use ____ heating systems.

While many school or office buildings use a heating method that warms the air directly, most ____ homes use underfloor heating based on the traditional ondol system.

Why do Koreans ____ use ondol system in modern apartments and houses?

What are the characteristics of ondol and ____ benefits does it offer?

____ is difficult to determine the exact origin of ondol, but early forms have been discovered in residential sites from the Gojoseon period (2333 B.C.E. to 108 B.C.E.).

Ondol has ____ been used continuously since then, mainly in the colder northern regions.

It is widely believed that winters ____ much colder in the 17th century.

This led to ondol becoming ____ more popular nationwide.

Thanks to the ____ of ondol, Korea’s ancestors could go through the winters without worrying too much about the cold.

Spending time ____ cozy ondol rooms not only warmed their bodies but also comforted their minds.

The essential components of ondol are the agungi, ____ and gudeuljang.

Firstly, the agungi is an outdoor fireplace where the fire ____ lit.

This fire is the primary source of the heat ____ eventually warms the room.

The gorae is ____ system of specifically designed passages beneath the floor.

Once the fire is lit in the agungi, the hot air travels through the gorae, which ensures that the heat is evenly ____ beneath the floor surface.

Above these passages is the gudeuljang, a slab of ____

As the hot ____ from the agungi moves through the gorae, it transfers the heat to these stone slabs.

One of the distinct properties ____ the stone used in gudeuljang is the ability to resist rapid heat transfer, which allows the gudeuljang to release the heat slowly into the room.

Thanks to this unique design ____ the properties of the stone, the ondol system ensures that rooms remain comfortably warm for extended periods.

The unique strengths of ondol really stand out when it is compared to ____ heating.

____ Western-style heating involves lighting a fire indoors and emitting smoke through a chimney.

With this method, smoke can pollute the air inside the room and the heat can ____ easily.

With ondol's underfloor heating, on the other hand, heat naturally goes upward from the heated floor, and ____ entire room can be warmed efficiently.

In addition, since the ____ is located outside and the smoke never enters the room, it is easier to maintain a pleasant indoor environment.

It's not just Koreans ____ praise ondol.

Horace Allen, an American doctor who ____ Joseon in the late 19th century, wrote about the efficient ondol system in his book.

According to Allen, ondol not only kept the room comfortably warm but also allowed people to use ____ fire for more than one purpose.

He mentioned families warming ____ house and cooking rice at the same time, for example.

Underfloor heating in the ____ of ondol has become increasingly popular in other parts of the world.

Frank Lloyd Wright, one of the most influential American ____ developed a heating system based on ondol using hot water pipes for his own projects.

His ____ House is considered the first example of applying underfloor heating to Western-style buildings.

Describing ondol as “ideal heat,” he has had a great ____ on the promotion of underfloor heating.

More recently, there has been an increase in ____ where underfloor heating systems are being adopted, such as in the German parliament building and the Copenhagen Opera House.

Ondol has comforted Koreans with its lasting warmth for thousands of years ____ continues to give warmth and comfort to them today.

Though boilers and ____ water pipes have taken the place of the agungi and gorae, the basic principles of ondol haven't changed.

The warmth of ondol, now being shared with ____ beyond Korea, is set to last for generations to come.