공통영어2 YBM 김은형 3과 변형문제

Katherine Johnson was born on August 26, 1918, in West Virginia, in the U.S., ____ was the youngest of four children in a black family.

Katherine was ____ math prodigy from early childhood.

Reflecting on her youth, Katherine once said, “I counted everything—the steps to the road, the steps up to ____ the number of dishes, spoons, and forks I washed.”

She excitedly added, “I couldn’t wait to ____ to high school to take algebra and geometry.”

But Katherine’s hometown had a segregated education system, and black students could not ____ high school.

So her father moved the ____ 200 kilometers away so that she could enter high school.

After graduating from ____ school in 1932, she was admitted to a black college at the age of fifteen.

By her junior year, she had taken all the math courses ____ college could offer.

Her mentor gladly offered special classes just ____ her, but he was not happy when he had to tell his outstanding student about her career opportunities.

“You would make a good research mathematician,” he ____ his seventeen-year-old student, “and I’m going to prepare you for this career.”

Katherine asked, “Where will I find a ____

____ he replied, “will be your problem.”

The path ahead was unclear and full of obstacles, but ____ knew she had the strength to make her own way.

In 1935, at the age of eighteen, Katherine graduated from college with highest ____ and began her career as a teacher at a black public school.

At that time, teaching was the ____ option available to her.

It was not until 1953 that Katherine found a job at ____ NASA field center in Virginia.

There, she worked as one of the “Black computers” who ____ complex calculations manually to support white male engineers.

Though they greatly contributed to the space project, they endured a lot of discrimination, including segregation in ____ office and being referred to with terms like “girl” despite being professional women.

Two ____ into the job, Katherine was reassigned to NASA’s elite space research division.

There, she was ____ only black female member of the staff.

Despite her enormous contributions, the ____ research meetings were held only among white staff members.

____ she asked for permission to attend the meetings, her male colleagues said that “the girls” didn’t usually go.

Katherine asked, ____ there a law that says I can’t go?”

The embarrassed male ____ had no choice but to let her in.

By asking questions no one had ever asked, Katherine ended a discriminatory ____

____ had faced barriers, but her efforts to overcome them paid off.

She felt proud and continued her work with ____

In 1960, she wrote a research paper with another engineer about how to place a spacecraft into ____

That was the first time a woman in her division received credit as an author of ____ research report.

Katherine’s remarkable ____ by hand were trusted more than digital computers.

In early 1962, John Glenn, one of the pioneering American astronauts, was preparing to orbit the Earth for ____ first time in American history.

NASA used an electronic computer, first introduced into the space program a year earlier, to calculate the spaceship’s trajectory, ____ it made many minor errors.

Glenn, who was concerned about its accuracy, asked Katherine ____ to double-check the machine’s figures by hand.

“If ____ says the numbers are good,” he said, “I’m good to go.”

Using only a pencil and a slide ____ Katherine spent a day and a half checking the calculations and finally made sure of them.

Eventually, Glenn became ____ first American astronaut to orbit the Earth.

Katherine was also part of the team that performed calculations for Apollo 11, which sent the first three men ____ the Moon in 1969, and even the plan to put people on Mars, which is still being worked on today.

Katherine ____ in 1986 after thirty-three years at NASA.

After that, she dedicated the rest of her life ____ championing access to STEM education for Black girls.

For her contributions, President Barack Obama awarded her ____ Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015 and said,

“Katherine G. ____ refused to be limited by society’s expectations of her gender and race while expanding the boundaries of humanity’s reach.”

In 2017, NASA dedicated a building in her honor in Virginia and named it the Katherine G. ____ Computational Research Facility.

She died ____ February 24, 2020, at the age of 101, but her pioneering legacy will never be forgotten.