공통영어2 YBM 김은형 3과 변형문제

Katherine Johnson was born on August 26, 1918, in West Virginia, in the U.S., and was the youngest of four children in a ____ family.

____ was a math prodigy from early childhood.

Reflecting on her youth, Katherine once said, “I ____ everything—the steps to the road, the steps up to church, the number of dishes, spoons, and forks I washed.”

She excitedly added, “I couldn’t wait to get to high school ____ take algebra and geometry.”

But Katherine’s hometown had a segregated education system, and ____ students could not enter high school.

So her ____ moved the family 200 kilometers away so that she could enter high school.

After graduating from high school in 1932, she was admitted to ____ black college at the age of fifteen.

By her junior year, she had taken ____ the math courses the college could offer.

Her mentor gladly offered special classes just for her, but he was not happy when he had to tell his outstanding student ____ her career opportunities.

“You would make a good research mathematician,” he told his seventeen-year-old student, “and I’m going to prepare ____ for this career.”

Katherine asked, “Where will I find ____ job?”

“That,” he replied, “will ____ your problem.”

The path ahead was unclear and full of obstacles, but Katherine knew she had the strength to make her own ____

In 1935, at the age of ____ Katherine graduated from college with highest honors and began her career as a teacher at a black public school.

At that time, teaching was ____ only option available to her.

It was not until 1953 ____ Katherine found a job at a NASA field center in Virginia.

There, she worked as one of the “Black computers” who did complex calculations manually to support white ____ engineers.

Though they greatly contributed to the space ____ they endured a lot of discrimination, including segregation in the office and being referred to with terms like “girl” despite being professional women.

Two weeks into the job, Katherine was reassigned to NASA’s ____ space research division.

There, ____ was the only black female member of the staff.

Despite her ____ contributions, the important research meetings were held only among white staff members.

When she asked for permission to ____ the meetings, her male colleagues said that “the girls” didn’t usually go.

Katherine asked, “Is there a law that says I ____ go?”

The embarrassed male workers had no choice but to let her ____

By asking questions no one had ever asked, Katherine ____ a discriminatory custom.

She ____ faced barriers, but her efforts to overcome them paid off.

She felt proud and continued her ____ with courage.

In 1960, she wrote a research paper with another engineer about how to place a spacecraft into ____

That was the first time a woman in her division received credit ____ an author of a research report.

Katherine’s remarkable calculations by hand were trusted more ____ digital computers.

In early 1962, John Glenn, one of the pioneering American astronauts, was preparing to orbit the Earth for ____ first time in American history.

NASA used an electronic computer, first introduced into the space program ____ year earlier, to calculate the spaceship’s trajectory, but it made many minor errors.

Glenn, who was concerned ____ its accuracy, asked Katherine Johnson to double-check the machine’s figures by hand.

“If she says the numbers are good,” ____ said, “I’m good to go.”

Using only a pencil and a slide rule, Katherine spent a day ____ a half checking the calculations and finally made sure of them.

Eventually, Glenn ____ the first American astronaut to orbit the Earth.

Katherine was also part of the team that performed calculations for Apollo 11, which sent the first three men to the Moon in 1969, and even the plan to ____ people on Mars, which is still being worked on today.

Katherine ____ in 1986 after thirty-three years at NASA.

After that, ____ dedicated the rest of her life to championing access to STEM education for Black girls.

For her contributions, President Barack Obama awarded her ____ Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015 and said,

“Katherine G. Johnson refused to be limited by society’s expectations of her gender and race while ____ the boundaries of humanity’s reach.”

In 2017, ____ dedicated a building in her honor in Virginia and named it the Katherine G. Johnson Computational Research Facility.

She died on February 24, ____ at the age of 101, but her pioneering legacy will never be forgotten.