Lesson 3 Embrace Diversity, Broaden Your Horizons
English or Englishes?
____ would you react if you saw an English sign reading “Robot Ahead” on the road while driving in South Africa?
You would probably look around the front of your ____ for a robot that looks like a human.
You would be confused momentarily, but laugh when 5 you learned that the term “robot” ____ means “traffic light” in South Africa.
For visitors from other countries, the unique usage of this word might cause confusion and misunderstanding, but it also highlights the diversity of World Englishes, the different varieties of ____ English language used around the world.
English as a Global Language
English has become a widely used “lingua franca” due to ____ extensive usage and adoption in many countries, allowing individuals who speak different native languages to communicate and understand each other.
About 1.75 billion people around the world use English as a useful means of communication, due to the ____ demand of English in critical fields such as science, technology, business, and entertainment.
Moreover, in the digital era, people are exposed to a vast amount of online information and resources ____ English on a daily basis.
These factors have ____ contributed to the widespread use and global influence of the English language.
As English ability ____ in different nations, various English varieties have emerged worldwide, including Singaporean English, Korean English, Indian English, and others.
____ British English and American English were considered the standard models.
However, it is important to note that American English was initially seen as a regional variation rather than a standard ____
As a result, we now refer to the different varieties of English as “Englishes,” not ____ “English.”
English Evolves to Fit Local Realities
When ____ language is adopted in a specific region or community, it is natural for it to undergo changes or modifications as the local people utilize the language to more accurately reflect their daily realities and cultural contexts.
____ change takes place across various aspects of language, including grammar, pronunciation, vocabulary, and everyday expressions.
The change is ____ noticeable in vocabulary.
English vocabulary ____ been modified and new expressions have been created within the different varieties of English.
In Indian English, the term “prepone” was coined to mean “to reschedule” as the opposite of ____
For instance, if a meeting scheduled for Thursday is ____ to Wednesday, it is considered “preponed.”
Hong ____ English speakers shout “add oil” to show encouragement or support, a direct translation from a Chinese expression, which originally meant to inject more gasoline into an engine.
In the Philippines, there are many houses with ____ kitchens,” which are not actually “dirty” kitchens.
Instead, they refer ____ kitchens outside the home, where most of the cooking takes place to avoid trapping heat and smell inside the house in a hot climate.
This evolution allows language to better match up with the everyday experiences and cultural ____ of the communities that utilize it.
Foreign Languages Enrich English
As these English expressions are widely used locally and ____ exposure in other countries, they contribute to the expansion and diversification of the English vocabulary.
Moreover, English dictionaries have incorporated words borrowed from foreign ____
Some of the ____ popular English words borrowed from foreign languages include established terms such as tsunami, emoji, and origami in Japanese.
Hygge in Danish and kiosk in Turkish ____ also gained worldwide currency among English speakers.
Recently, as the Korean wave has ____ globally, words related to Korean culture such as kimchi, hanbok, kimbab, and hallyu have been added to English dictionaries.
More and more Korean words including oppa, noona, mukbang, daebak, and so forth are being added to English dictionaries, resulting ____ a richer English vocabulary.
As words and expressions related to Korean culture ____ included in English dictionaries,
English vocabulary is becoming more diversified and the ____ of Korean culture around the world is deepened, accordingly.
Be Open Towards World Englishes
Using English expressions that incorporate ____ cultures of different countries, we are creating opportunities to broaden our understanding of and respect for other cultures.
In this respect, ____ speakers around the world need to be open to other English speakers.
Embracing the diversity of English, we can build a more inclusive community of English speakers where everyone’s voice is heard ____ prejudice or stereotypes.
English does not ____ belong to native speakers, but instead it is a language for anyone who uses it.