공통영어1 미래엔 김성연 1과 본문 빈칸 채우기 퀴즈

It’s ____ to see you, everyone! I’m Dr. Edward Wilson, an evolutionary biologist.

Thank ____ for inviting me here today.

On my ____, I had trouble locating this room.

Luckily, a ____ student came up to me and walked me here.

____ fascinating how, in situations like this, we want to help someone in need.

Now, this raises some interesting questions: where does our friendliness ____ from, and why is it important?

To answer these ____, I’d like to tell you about my childhood companion dog, Sparky.

When we played with a ball, I noticed that he ____ well to my gestures.

The responsive behavior of ____ also caught the attention of an evolutionary anthropologist, Brian Hare.

He conducted an experiment to see how dogs would respond to human gestures compared to wolves, who share the ____ common ancestor.

He placed two ____ on the ground with food hidden under only one of them.

____ he pointed to the cup with the food, the dogs found it easily.

The wolves, however, struggled and chose cups at random, ____ no attention to his gestures.

Dr. Hare concluded that the dogs’ ability to read ____ gestures allowed them to perform better than the wolves.

He explained that dogs, unlike wolves, have ____ communicative skills with humans and a sense of friendliness.

This explanation sounds reasonable ____ to several evolutionary biologists.

They say that from the common ancestors of ____ two species, those that acted friendly toward humans evolved into dogs, and those that didn’t became wolves.

Furthermore, Dr. Hare ____ that the friendly nature of dogs probably provided them a survival advantage that allowed their population to grow larger than that of wolves.

I’ll give you another example of how friendliness is ____ to survival.

Dr. Hare and his colleagues designed an experiment with ____ and bonobos.

Although the two are ____ similar, they are different in nature.

To study their cooperative behavior, Dr. Hare’s team set up a device which required two individuals to ____ both ends of a rope at the same time in order to access food on a board.

When placed with partners that the chimpanzees knew, they were able to work ____ to get the food.

However, when paired with new partners, the chimpanzees usually failed to get the food, and when they occasionally succeeded, they did not ____ the food with their partner.

The bonobos, on the other hand, got ____ much better than the chimpanzees.

They solved the problem regardless of which individual they were paired with, and they were also more willing to share the ____.

This research shows that bonobos have a cooperative and ____ nature.

Experts suggest that their nature has ____ their species survive.

Without these characteristics, they could have ____ extinction.

Now let’s ____ our attention to ourselves, Homo sapiens.

How have we managed to survive for so ____?

Neanderthals existed together with Homo sapiens until about 40,000 years ____, and they were known to be intelligent and physically superior to Homo sapiens.

Neanderthals were able to make tools and f ____ and had strong bodies with well-developed muscles and broad shoulders.

____ these attributes, however, it was Homo sapiens who ultimately survived and thrived.

One possible explanation is that our ancestors lived in larger communities that ____ cooperation and the free exchange of knowledge, while Neanderthals tended to live in smaller groups.

These social differences may have given Homo sapiens a competitive ____ over Neanderthals, allowing them to adapt to an ever-changing environment.

In our competitive society, many people believe that only the biggest or the strongest ____ survive and thrive.

However, I propose an ____ view: kindness is the key to success.

Isn’t that a comforting thought? We can ____ the power of our natural kindness to communicate and cooperate with different individuals.

We can all benefit from this ____ of trying to be better than others.

I’d like to end this talk with a message. Think of our society as a ____.

Just as each flower adds to the beauty when it ____ with the others, each person can contribute to a more beautiful world when they cooperate.

By being kind and working together, we can ____ flourish. Thank you for your attention.