영어2 비상 홍민표 3과 본문 빈칸

____ not You when you are hungry.”

Jenny was up late last night finishing an assignment after her ____ job.

She had to skip breakfast this morning in a rush to ____ the bus for school.

By doing so, she made matters ____ because she has to sit through and focus on her difficult science class.

As the class drags on, her ____ builds, and she starts tapping her pencil on her desk and shooting angry glances at the clock.

Her classmates start noticing her mood, and some are even laughing at her ____ noises.

Embarrassed and angry, she ____ at her friends.

Have ____ ever felt like Jenny?

A New ____ Word

After eating a delicious ____, we feel full, happy, and relaxed.

That ____ occur when we are hungry;

hunger causes discomfort and weakness and often sparks negative ____.

“You’re not you when you’re hungry,” was a famous candy bar commercial slogan a few years ____.

What this slogan means is ____ can seriously change your mood and performance.

The phenomenon of getting annoyed and irritated due to hunger is so common that the word “hangry,” a combination of hungry and ____, has become an official English word in many international dictionaries.

So how ____ it work?

The word hangry caught the attention of psychologists, so researchers conducted a series of experiments with over ____ hundred U.S. college students.

Participants were asked to either skip ____ or eat a big meal right before the experiment.

Their performance and behavior at varying levels of difficulty in ____ involving selective attention, mental rotation, writing, and frustration management were recorded and analyzed.

The results showed that participants who skipped eating had poorer performance ____ those who ate beforehand.

For example, they ____ more errors on the Stroop task, in which the participants were shown a color name printed in a different colored ink, and they were asked to say either the word or the color of the ink.

Consequently, psychological studies seem to support that an empty stomach contributes to lower ____ span and self-control.

____ and Hormones

Psychology is not the only field of science concerned with the relation between ____ and anger;

physiologists know that hunger leads to changes in body ____, too.

When we eat bread, rice, or fruit, our digestive system ____ these foods down into glucose, the main fuel source for the cells in our body.

It circulates in the blood and gets absorbed by cells for the ____ required for their proper performance.

But glucose ____ fall when we are hungry, preventing cells from performing what they are supposed to do, an obvious threat to the proper functioning of the body.

The human body responds to this threat by releasing cortisol, a hormone that ____ our body cope with stressful situations.

Elevated cortisol levels lead to an increase in heart rate and blood pressure ____ with many psychological effects including anxiety, irritation, and depression.

These physiological ____ seem to be in line with psychological studies.

____ is also affected by an empty stomach is the brain.

Neurologists have found that high levels of cortisol cause the serotonin level in the ____ to drop.

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps communication among ____ in different parts of the brain.

Neurotransmitters play a crucial role in maintaining emotional balance and an ____ sense of well-being.

When serotonin levels are not balanced, normal functioning of mood ____ is disrupted, which can lead to feelings of sadness, increased irritability, and higher levels of anxiety.

Neurologists have also come across interesting findings related to hunger and mental state by using brain imaging techniques to take pictures of brain ____.

These images ____ show that, when people are hungry, areas related to threat and negative emotions increase in activity, while the activity patterns in areas responsible for higher cognitive skills like self-control and decision-making are greatly altered.

Psychology, physiology, and ____ seem to agree that “You’re not you when you’re hungry.”

____ Are in Control

Does this ____ that everyone who is hungry gets irritated about something?

No. Individuals vary in their ____ and personality as well as in their lifestyle and experiences, so their physiological or neurological reactions to hunger can vary as well.

In fact, scientists have observed that the ____ of many animals is closely linked to the availability of nourishment, too.

For example, fruit flies get more aggressive when deprived of food, and schooling fish exhibit reduced group unity ____ hungry.

Regardless, there is another interesting finding from the research of ____ on hunger:

People seem to be able to control their negative emotions, but only if they are able to ____ them.

If you happen to find yourself angry, take a few deep breaths and ask ____ if you skipped lunch.

What might be ____ is you’re just hangry.

While being hangry refers to the ____ feelings of anger caused by the physical needs of the body,

a phenomenon called “lonely hunger” works the other way around, ____ from the feelings of loneliness to the need for physical nourishment.

That is, some people feel hungry when they feel lonely and isolated from others, often looking for a comfort in ____ “emotional eating.”

Emotional eating may be a good ____ to relieve negative emotions in the short term, but it is not necessarily a good long-term solution due to health risks.

Interestingly, the human brain’s response to loneliness is similar to ____ response to hunger, as brain imaging studies have shown that the same area in the brain is turned on when a person has these feelings.

Studies also support the notion that loneliness serves as a signal similar to hunger, indicating a lack that ____ to be addressed.

Just as a lack of physical nourishment ____ to psychological discomfort, a lack of social nourishment results in feelings of social hunger, a deficit that needs to be addressed.