Unit 4 New Challenges
Space: The Final Frontier
The need to explore new frontiers like the Arctic and the American West may have been sparked by curiosity, but a major reason was to discover ____ resources.
Without new resources and technology, the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century would ____ have led to the rise of new industries and the growth of cities.
In the late 20th century, the Information Technology ____ connected the world and transformed economies.
Now, it ____ that space is the latest frontier for entrepreneurs to explore.
Finding new resources and exploring the unique environment are new opportunities for those who dare to ____ up the challenge.
Asteroid Mining
The ____ system is composed of many rocks floating in space.
The large ones are called planets, and the smaller ____ are called asteroids.
Research has shown that asteroids contain ____ resources like gold and rare earth elements.
For example, one asteroid, 16 Psyche, is ____ to consist mainly of gold and other precious metals, whose value is equal to billions of dollars per person on Earth.
From a space explorers’ perspective, however, the most valuable ____ from asteroids are neither valuable precious metals nor rare mineral deposits.
That valuable resource could actually be water, and it seems to have been overlooked because it ____ seem as exciting as gold.
Water is expensive
Water is expensive to transport into space ____ to its weight and volume.
Having a space station with sufficient water supplies in orbit around Earth would make ____ explorations much easier.
No one knows for sure what asteroid mining will look like, but it ____ that robotic mining is most likely.
Robots will be sent to dig for target materials and send ____ back towards Earth.
They will be programmed to explore the surface and identify materials, and be ____ for tasks such as drilling, collecting, and transporting.
They may work independently or be controlled remotely ____ Earth.
Unfortunately, these types of robots have yet to be developed since the ____ is still young.
As ____ continues to develop, better methods for obtaining materials will undoubtedly emerge.
Off-Earth Manufacturing
Being on the International Space Station (____) is a unique experience.
Astronauts live and work in microgravity, floating ____ instead of walking.
Researchers get to see Earth from a completely new perspective, and they get to ____ on important scientific research in conditions that are different from Earth’s.
Many manufacturers are interested in ____ in space because the quality of a lot of products manufactured on Earth is influenced by temperature, pressure, radiation, and even the effects of gravity.
Creating good conditions for certain types of manufacturing on Earth requires the ____ of a lot of energy and resources, but those conditions occur naturally in space.
Drugs, ____ and food products, and advanced materials are all potential candidates to be tested and produced in space.
For example, without the ____ of gravity, products that require a uniform quality like cosmetics would be easier to mix.
Other materials
Other materials like 3D printed skin or muscle ____ from low pressure and gravity too.
Although the sun’s radiation can be unhealthy for our skin, getting away from the protective ____ of the atmosphere could also benefit the testing of products.
For example, fabrics and skin ____ could be tested for their ability to protect against solar radiation.
Also, semiconductors and ____ communication cables could be produced with higher purity and fewer faults.
Space technology has advanced greatly, and it seems that the cost of running a space ____ and improving it has decreased substantially since ambitious entrepreneurs have joined the adventure.
The conditions in space open up the possibility of manufacturing newer and ____ products.
Challenges remain, but it’s not ____ to imagine sending a message from a device equipped with semiconductors that were produced in space.
The space project will ultimately reach a point where adventurous minds and their technological innovations will be able to travel safely to stars beyond the ____ system.
The ____ required to drive economic activity that have existed far beyond the reach of humanity are becoming much more reachable.
The question is no ____ about how; it’s about when.